Papaverine selectively inhibits human prostate cancer cell (PC-3) growth by inducing mitochondrial mediated apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and downregulation of NF-κB/PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.

Abstract

Papaverine showed selective antitumor properties against PC-3 human prostate cancer cells by inducing early and late apoptosis, sub-G1 cell cycle arrest, modulation of apoptosis-related proteins like Bcl-2, Bax, Bid, XIAP and cytochrome C along with downregulation of NFkB, PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.