Associations of Cigarette Smoking With Subclinical Inflammation and Atherosclerosis: ELSA‐Brasil (The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health)

Abstract

Strong associations were observed between smoking status, burden, and intensity with inflammation (hsCRP) and subclinical atherosclerosis (carotid intima-media thickness, ankle-brachial index, CAC). These markers of early cardiovascular disease injury may be used for the further study and regulation of traditional and novel tobacco products.