Optimal capacitor placement in distorted distribution systems considering resonance constraint using multi‐swarm particle swarm optimisation algorithm

Abstract

Optimal capacitor placement in distribution systems has been studied for many reasons such as the improvement of voltage profile, mitigation of total harmonic distortion, and reduction of power losses. In this study, a new approach is presented for capacitor placement in the presence of harmonic distortion along with a proposed resonance index (RI). In this approach, a sensitivity analysis is first applied to find candidate buses. After that, the size and location of capacitors are optimised by a proposed fitness function. The fitness function includes a fuzzy membership function of annual net benefit, maximum THD of voltage, maximum voltage deviation, and a resonance constraint. This procedure supports different load levels employing fixed and switched capacitors. Also, a new RI is presented to prevent resonance conditions. Finally, the approach is tested on an IEEE 18‐bus and an IEEE 69‐bus system using the multi‐swarm particle swarm optimisation algorithm. The simulation results show the efficiency of the method in comparison with the other methods.