An Interdiffusion Method for Highly Performing Cesium/Formamidinium Double Cation Perovskites

Abstract

The fabrication of high‐quality cesium (Cs)/formamidinium (FA) double‐cation perovskite films through a two‐step interdiffusion method is reported. Cs x FA 1‐ x PbI 3‐y(1‐ x ) Br y(1‐ x ) films with different compositions are achieved by controlling the amount of CsI and formamidinium bromide (FABr) in the respective precursor solutions. The effects of incorporating Cs + and Br − on the properties of the resulting perovskite films and on the performance of the corresponding perovskite solar cells are systematically studied. Small area perovskite solar cells with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.3% and a perovskite module (4 cm 2 ) with an aperture PCE of 16.4%, using the Cs/FA double cation perovskite made with 10 mol% CsI and 15 mol% FABr (Cs 0.1 FA 0.9 PbI 2.865 Br 0.135 ) are achieved. The Cs/FA double cation perovskites show negligible degradation after annealing at 85 °C for 336 h, outperforming the perovskite materials containing methylammonium (MA).