Determinants of black carbon, particle mass and number concentrations in London transport microenvironments

Abstract

Wind speed and ambient concentrations were main predictors in aboveground modes. Ambient PM concentrations explained more variability than wind speed. Wind speed had a strongest effect on bus concentrations compared to car and walking. Underground line and train's type of windows explained 90% of the variation in PM. PM in bus was better explained by ambient concentrations at high spatial resolution.