Recent developments in tetrathiafulvalene and dithiafulvalene based metal-free organic sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells: a mini-review

Abstract

Tetrathiafulvalene and dithiafulvalene are thermally stable, versatile and their HOMO–LUMO levels can be easily through molecular engineering to yield metal-free organic dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells, which are not restricted by the availability of natural resources.