Crystal structure and phase transformation of BiFeO₃ multiferroics on the temperature variation

Abstract

In this study, multiferroic of BiFeO3 was successfully synthesized using solid state methods. The materials was calcined by variation temperature at 800, 840, 860, and 880°C for 4hours in air atmosphere. Structure analysis and phase transformation were carried out using X-ray diffraction. The results show that not only BiFeO3 phase is formed but also other phases as secondary phases on all variation temperatures. The secondary phases, i.e. Bi25FeO40 and Bi2Fe4O9, have different molar or weight percentage at that variation. BiFeO3 has a perovskite structure and considering as R3c space group, for all secondary phases consist of cubic structure. The results showed that increasing calcination temperaturedecrease the amount of BiFeO3 phases and increase the secondary phases. The highest percentage of BiFeO3 phases (91.69%) is obtained at 800°C.