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Systemic lidocaine fails to improve postoperative morphine consumption, postoperative recovery and quality of life in patients undergoing posterior spinal arthrodesis. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Systemic LidocainePostoperative Morphine ConsumptionPain MedicineMedicinePostoperative Pain ManagementPerioperative PainOutcomes ResearchPlacebo-controlled TrialPostoperative TreatmentPain ManagementSurgeryAnesthesiaPerioperative MedicineOrthopaedic SurgeryAnesthesiology