Best Practices to Prevent Stuck Pipe Incidents in Offshore Shaly Formations

Abstract

Abstract Under this climate of oil price and energy uncertainty, it is mandatory to limit the non-productive time (NPT) and achieve the highest levels of operational excellence. This is a key factor toward overcoming the evolving economic challenges, reducing budget and spending, and optimizing the return on investment. Worldwide, stuck pipe and borehole problems represent one major contributor into the NPT while drilling, reaming, tripping, casing and running completions. This NPT category becomes even more critical when dealing with shaly formations. Saudi Aramco constantly deal with offshore shaly formations in Saudi Arabia where stuck pipe and borehole problems contribute with over 24% to the overall drilling and workover NPT. Establishing best practices to minimize or prevent these problems will enhance the overall drilling performance and result in significant operating time reductions and cost savings. The major offshore re-entry operation challenges are first screened: formation instability, hole size, well trajectory, bottomhole assembly and experience and communication. The shaly formation rock nature is analyzed to understand the stressed shale instability root cause: mechanical and/or chemical. This diagnostic step establishes the formation shale properties and behavior. In relation to this information, three basic stuck pipe mechanisms (pack-off and bridging, differential sticking, and wellbore geometry) are discussed where the major contributing factors for each category are identified. This leads to the establishment of proactive recommendations and best practices. These practices will tackle the problem from different angles to construct an integrated solution. This includes drilling fluid design (rheology, filter cake, filtrate volume and properties, etc.), hole cleaning (rate of penetration, sweep pills, bottoms-up volume, etc.) and drilling parameters (trend analysis, flow rates, string motion, etc.). This paper will highlight the recommended practices and provide actual well examples where stuck pipe tendency was reduced in shaly formations.