High-level ab initio potential energy surface and dynamics of the F⁻+ CH₃I S_N2 and proton-transfer reactions

Abstract

Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (S_N2) and proton transfer are fundamental processes in chemistry and F^- + CH₃I is an important prototype of these reactions. Here we develop the first full-dimensional <i>ab initio</i> analytical potential energy surface (PES) for the F^- + CH₃I system using a permutationally invariant fit of high-level composite energies obtained with the combination of the explicitly-correlated CCSD(T)-F12b method, the aug-cc-pVTZ basis, core electron correlation effects, and a relativistic effective core potential for iodine. The PES accurately describes the S_N2 channel producing I^- + CH₃F <i>via</i> Walden-inversion, front-side attack, and double-inversion pathways as well as the proton-transfer channel leading to HF + CH₂I^-. The relative energies of the stationary points on the PES agree well with the new explicitly-correlated all-electron CCSD(T)-F12b/QZ-quality benchmark values. Quasiclassical trajectory computations on the PES show that the proton transfer becomes significant at high collision energies and double-inversion as well as front-side attack trajectories can occur. The computed broad angular distributions and hot internal energy distributions indicate the dominance of indirect mechanisms at lower collision energies, which is confirmed by analyzing the integration time and leaving group velocity distributions. Comparison with available crossed-beam experiments shows usually good agreement.