Baltic Sea Ice Concentration Estimation Using SENTINEL-1 SAR and AMSR2 Microwave Radiometer Data

Abstract

Sea ice concentration (SIC) is an important sea ice parameter for sea ice navigation, environmental research, and weather and ice forecasting. We have developed and tested a method for estimation of the Baltic Sea SIC using SENTINEL-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 passive microwave radiometer (MWR) data. Here, we present the method and results for January 2016. Ice concentration grids of Finnish Meteorological Institute daily ice charts have been used as reference data in this paper. We present a comparison of four SIC estimation methods with our reference data. In addition to the combined SAR/MWR SIC estimation method, we also compare SIC estimates produced using SAR alone and two MWR-based methods. The main target of this paper was to develop and test a high-resolution SIC estimation method suitable for operational use.