Annona muricata Leaves Extract Reduce Proliferative Indexes And Improve Histological Changes In Rat's Breast Cancer

Abstract

The soursop (Annona muricata Linn., Family-Annonaceae) leaves contain annonaceous acetogenins which have a cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines as reported in many research studies. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of ethanolic leaves extract of Annona muricata (ELEAM) on breast cancer histology and on proliferative indexes of DMBA-induced breast cancer rats. Eighty four female albino rats strain Sprague Dawley were divided into seven groups (of twelve each): control; DMBA-induced breast cancer; DMBA-induced breast cancer + tamoxifen 0.18 mg/kg; DMBA-induced breast cancer +ELEAM 200 mg/kg, DMBA-induced breast cancer + ELEAM 300 mg/kg, DMBA-induced breast cancer + ELEAM 400 mg/kg and DMBA-induced breast cancer + ELEAM 500 mg/kg. The research indicates that breast cancer ductal with infiltrative grade II developed in the DMBA-induced breast cancer group. The DMBA-induced breast cancer group receiving tamoxifen showed normal duct structure. The tamoxifen treated groups showed lower mAgNOR and pAgNOR compared with untreated cancer group. The ELEAM-treated group showed lower mAgNOR and pAgNOR compared with the untreated cancer group, starting from 300 mg/kg dose. The group treated with ELEAM 300 mg/kg showed no significant difference with the tamoxifen-treated group. We concluded that ELEAM improved the histological changes of breast cancer-induced DMBA. ELEAM also reduced proliferative indexes of breast cancer-induced DMBA and the most effective dose in 300 mg/kg.