Coordinated Supervisory Control of Multi-Terminal HVDC Grids: A Model Predictive Control Approach

Abstract

A coordinated supervisory control scheme for future multi-terminal high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) grids is proposed. The purpose is to supervise the grid and take appropriate actions to ensure power balance and prevent or remove voltage or current limit violations. First, using DC current and voltage measurements, the power references of the various Voltage Source Converters are updated according to participation factors. Next, the setpoints of the converters are smoothly adjusted to track those power references, while avoiding or correcting limit violations. The latter function resorts to model predictive control and a sensitivity model of the system. The efficiency of the proposed scheme has been tested through dynamic simulations of a five-terminal HVDC grid interconnecting two asynchronous AC areas and a wind farm.