Smoking May Increase Postoperative Opioid Consumption in Patients Who Underwent Distal Gastrectomy With Gastroduodenostomy for Early Stomach Cancer

Abstract

Our results suggest that smokers undergoing distal gastrectomy with gastroduodenostomy required more opioid than nonsmokers for postoperative pain. Old age, smoking status, and increment of remifentanil use seemed to be predictors of postoperative opioid consumption.