Canoco Reference Manual and User’s Guide: Software for Ordination (version 5.0)

TLDR

Canoco is a software package for multivariate data analysis emphasizing dimensional reduction, regression, and constrained ordination, widely used by biologists studying plant and animal community relationships with their environment. Canoco provides scientists with accessible, powerful ordination tools to infer and visualize patterns in complex multivariate data. Canoco offers linear and unimodal ordination methods that can incorporate background variation specified by covariates. Combined with extensive permutation test facilities, these methods have proven remarkably effective at solving applied research problems.

Abstract

Canoco is a software package for multivariate data analysis, with an emphasis on dimesional reduction (ordination), regression analysis, and the combination of the two, constrained ordination. Canoco makes effective and powerful ordination methods easilyt accessible for scientists wanting to infer and visualize pattern and structure in complex multivariate data, e.g. biologists researching the relations between plant and animal communities and their environment. Canoco contains linear and unimodal ordination methods, with the possibility to account for background variation specified by covariates. In combination with extensive facilities for permutation tests, these methods have proven to be remarkably effective in solving applied research problems.