Controlled Growth of Metal–Organic Framework on Upconversion Nanocrystals for NIR-Enhanced Photocatalysis

Abstract

Development of MOF-based photocatalysts is intriguing research due to their structural flexibility and tremendous catalytic sites, whereas most MOFs only can take use of UV/visible light and lack of response to NIR light. Herein, we present a facile approach to integrate upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with MOF to build a NIR-responsive composite photocatalyst. The MOF shell with controllable thickness can be grown on the UCNPs, thus exhibiting tunable photocatalytic activities under NIR irradiation. Furthermore, we extend visible absorption of the MOF shell by adding -NH₂ groups so that the composite photocatalysts have a better utilization of UC emissions and sunlight to improve their activities. The developed composite photocatalysts have been characterized by XRD, TEM, PL, etc., and their photocatalytic performances were systematically explored. The formation and working mechanism of the composite photocatalysts were also elucidated.