Lignin pyrolysis reactions

TLDR

Lignin is an aromatic component of woody biomass that can serve as a renewable feedstock, and pyrolysis technologies such as fast pyrolysis and gasification are promising for converting it into biochemicals, biomaterials, and biofuels. The study aims to deepen understanding of the molecular mechanisms of lignin pyrolysis and gasification to guide the development of controlled processes that improve product selectivity. The review synthesizes state‑of‑the‑art research on the molecular mechanisms underlying lignin pyrolysis and gasification. The gathered information also aids in understanding how high‑temperature heat treatments affect wood properties.

Abstract

Lignin, an aromatic constituent of woody biomass, is a potential renewable aromatic feedstock for a sustainable future carbon economy. Pyrolysis-based technologies, such as fast pyrolysis and gasification, are promising methods for converting lignin into biochemicals, biomaterials, and biofuels. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in lignin pyrolysis/gasification would guide the development of the controlled pyrolysis and gasification systems to overcome issues with low product selectivity, an intrinsic drawback of current pyrolysis-based technologies. This review article summaries the state-of-the-art research into molecular mechanisms of lignin pyrolysis and gasification. This information should also be useful for understanding the influence of high temperature heat treatments on the properties of wood.