8.3 M-Pixel 480-fps Global-Shutter CMOS Image Sensor with Gain-Adaptive Column ADCs and Chip-on-Chip Stacked Integration

Abstract

This paper presents a 4K2K 480-fps global-shutter CMOS image sensor with a super 35-mm format for a highly realistic digital video system. The sensor employs newly developed gain-adaptive column analog-to-digital converters to obtain input-referred dark random noise of 140 μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Vrms</sub> for an inputreferred full-scale readout of 923 mV. An on-chip online correction of the error between two switchable gains maintained the nonlinearity of the output image within 0.18%. A chip-onchip integration process realized a front-illuminated image sensor stacked with two diced logic chips through 38-K microbump interconnections. The global-shutter pixel achieved a parasitic light sensitivity of -99.6 dB. The 16-channel output interfaces with 4.752 Gbps/ch were implemented in the stacked logic chips.