Biocompatible Polymeric Analogues of DMSO Prepared by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

Abstract

The synthesis of a sulfoxide-based water-soluble polymer, poly(2-(methylsulfinyl)ethyl acrylate) (polyMSEA), a polymeric analogue of DMSO, by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is reported. Well-defined linear polymers were synthesized using relatively low amounts of copper catalyst (1000 or 100 ppm). Two types of star polymers were synthesized by either an "arm-first" approach or a "core-first" approach using a biodegradable β-cyclodextrin core. The glass transition temperatures of both the linear polymer (16 °C) and star polymer (32 °C) were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of poly(MSEA) was estimated to be ca. 140 °C by extrapolating the LCST of a series of copolymers with NIPAM. Cytotoxicity tests revealed that both the linear and star polymers have low toxicity, even at concentrations up to 3 mg/mL.