Advances in volt-var control approaches in utility distribution systems

Abstract

In recent years, voltage and reactive power control in distribution systems is becoming increasingly complex with the growing penetration levels of distributed energy resources (DER), electric vehicle loads, and new requirements like conservation voltage reduction (CVR). Traditional approaches of voltage control rely on slow acting electromechanical devices installed on the primary feeder. These approaches are not suitable for handling the changing paradigm in the distribution systems towards smart grid. Advanced volt-var control technologies like smart inverters and other distributed secondary-side voltage regulation devices are perceived to be the key enabling technologies to meet the requirements of future smart grid such as effective voltage control and ability for seamless integration of DER. This paper reviews existing and emerging volt-var control techniques in the distribution systems with DER.