Low-Intensity Ultrasound Combined with Hematoporphyrin Monomethyl Ether in the Treatment of Experimental Periodontitis in Rats

Abstract

Objectives . This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether- (HMME-) mediated sonodynamic therapy (SDT) on experimental periodontal disease in rats. Methods . Periodontal disease was induced by submerging ligatures at the first maxillary molar subgingival region in forty-eight male SD rats. After 30 days, the ligatures were removed. The rats were randomly allocated into four groups; the experimental SDT group was treated through hypodermic injection of 40 μ g/mL HMME and 3 W/cm 2 low-intensity ultrasound irradiation (1 MHz, 600 s). Those in control groups received 40 μ g/mL HMME alone (control 1 group) or 3 W/cm 2 ultrasound irradiation alone (control 2 group) or were subjected to neither HMME nor ultrasound (control 3 group). After 10 days of treatment, all rats were euthanized, the maxilla was obtained for histological examination, and the alveolar bone level was evaluated by histometric analysis. Results . The control groups showed more bone loss (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>) after 10 days of treatment than the SDT group. There is no significant difference among the control groups (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>). Conclusions . HMME mediated SDT was an effective therapy of experimental periodontal tissue in rats.