A sum-of-squares approach to GNSS spoofing detection

Abstract

This paper analyses the sum-of-squares (SoS) detector that is designed to reveal the presence of a spoofing attack. The SoS decision statistic is computed using carrier phase measurements from two spatially separated Global Navigation Satellite System receivers and assumes a simple form that makes it suitable for real-time applications. The detector is theoretically characterized, and its effectiveness is shown using simulations and experiments involving real Global Positioning System data.