Chemical Constituents and Antibacterial Activity of Volatile Oils of Combretum latifolium Bl.and C. quadrangulare Kurz Leaves

Abstract

The volatile constituents from leaves of Combretum latifolium Bl. and Combretum quadrangulare Kurz (Combretaceae) were obtained by hydrodistil- lation and analyzed by GC-MS. From the leaf oil, we identified six compounds accounting for 81.6% of C. latifolium and nine compounds accounting for 68.0% of C. quadrangulare. The major compounds of the volatile oils in C. latifolium and C. quadrangulare were palmitic acid (37.05%, 17.74%), hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (11.54%, 17.36%), isophytol (13.47%, 3.71%), neophytadiene (7.71%, 3.52%) and n-nonacosane (4.68% and 5.37%), respectively. Antibacterial activity of the volatile oils was evaluated by using agar disc diffusion method. The an- tibacterial assay showed activity of the oils from the leaves of C. latifolium and C. quadrangulare as diameter of zones of inhibition against the gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus (8.50±0.05, 7.50±0.05 mm, respectively), and gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli (9.33±0.06, 8.00±0.10 mm, respec- tively). The extracts showed little antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The chemistry and antibacterial activity of the volatile oils of these two plants have been studied here for the first time.