Propagation of the OAM mode carried by partially coherent modified Bessel–Gaussian beams in an anisotropic non-Kolmogorov marine atmosphere

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of the anisotropic non-Kolmogorov turbulence of the marine atmosphere on propagation of orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes carried by partially coherent modified Bessel-Gaussian (PCMBG) beams. The analytic formula of the probability density of OAM modes is derived and used to explore the evolution of the received power of the OAM mode. PCMBG beams with long wavelength, low quantum number of the OAM mode, and a high spectral degree of coherence of the source are robust for the OAM mode propagation in turbulence. The influences of the source characteristics and turbulent properties on the received power of the OAM mode are also analyzed in depth.