Review of demand response under smart grid paradigm

TLDR

Demand response (DR) balances supply and demand by adding load flexibility, benefiting TSOs, DSOs, retailers, and end‑customers, and its integration has been advanced by smart grid technologies that provide necessary information and communication infrastructure. The paper aims to categorize existing DR literature into general concept papers and market‑specific DR model papers for wholesale or retail markets. The authors systematically review and present the categorized literature in a concise, precise manner.

Abstract

Demand response (DR) has an important role to play in the electricity market for maintaining the balance between supply and demand by introducing load flexibility instead of only adjusting generation levels, at almost all operational time scales. There are many players in the market who benefit from DR, like the TSO, DSOs, retailers and end-customers themselves. The recent advent of smart grid technologies advanced the integration of DR by providing the needed information and communication infrastructure to the existing grid. Available literature on DR talks about the concept and definitions of DR, possible DR models for various region-specific market structures along with few DR implementation experiences in a system with ever increasing levels of loads along with evolution of innovative technologies like renewables, micro-grids, PEVs, etc. In this paper, the available literature on DR is categorized into general concept papers and papers on DR models applicable to the wholesale or retail markets, and are presented in a precise manner.