Socio-demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients who Attempt Suicide: A Hospital-based Study from Eastern India.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Suicide has become an important public health concern with a high number of deaths and increasing number of attempted suicides every year. There are multiple factors that underlie a suicide attempt. Although mental illness and severe stress have long been known to be associated with suicide, socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of those attempting suicide can also provide indications of suicidal intent. The present study aimed to explore the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients in Kolkata, India who attempted suicide. METHODS: Consecutive patients (n = 100) with failed suicide attempt who were referred to the psychiatry department of 2 multispecialty hospitals in Kolkata were included in the study. Their socio-demographic details and clinical characteristics were recorded. Suicidal intent and depressive symptoms were assessed and psychosocial risk factors were identified following detailed clinical interview. RESULTS: Suicide attempt was more frequent among younger female patients. Reaction to stress was the most common risk factor. The majority of attempts were impulsive in nature rather than planned. CONCLUSION: Young adults under stress are more vulnerable. Early identification of such individuals and psychosocial support to prevent suicidal ideation is vital.