Frontiers in Neuroscience · 2016 · 49 citations · 35 references
EngineeringBiomedical EngineeringElectrical EngineeringBioinstrumentationHuman-computer InteractionNeural EngineeringBrain-computer InterfacesElectroencephalogram AnalysisElectroencephalogram Signal ProcessingElectroencephalographyNeural InterfacesNeural Signal AcquisitionBrain-computer Interface Signal AcquisitionDry Electrode EegDry Electrode SystemsDry ElectrodesElectroencephalogram AcquisitionElectroencephalography-based Brain-computer InterfacesSignal Quality AssessmentUser Satisfaction
One important aspect in non-invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) research is to acquire the electroencephalogram (EEG) in a proper way. From an end-user perspective, it means with maximum comfort and without any extra inconveniences (e.g., washing the hair), whereas from a technical perspective, the signal quality has to be optimal to make the BCI work effectively and efficiently. In this work, we evaluated three different commercially available EEG acquisition systems that differ in the type of electrodes (gel-, water-, and dry-based), the amplifier technique, and the data transmission method. Every system was tested regarding three different aspects, namely, technical, BCI effectiveness and efficiency (P300 communication and control), and user satisfaction (comfort). We found that water-based system had the lowest short circuit noise level, the hydrogel-based system had the highest P300 spelling accuracies, and the dry electrode-based system caused the least inconveniences. Therefore, building a reliable BCI is possible with all the evaluated systems, and it is on the user to decide which system meets the given requirements best.
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Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia
Leigh R. Hochberg, Mijail D. Serruya, Gerhard M. Friehs et al. · Nature · 2006 · 3.3K citations