The runner-root algorithm: A metaheuristic for solving unimodal and multimodal optimization problems inspired by runners and roots of plants in nature

Particle swarm optimization

James Kennedy, R.C. Eberhart · 2002 · 47.5K citations

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Optimization by Simulated Annealing

Scott Kirkpatrick, C. D. Gelatt, M.P. Vecchi · Science · 1983 · 44.6K citations

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No free lunch theorems for optimization

David H. Wolpert, William G. Macready · IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation · 1997 · 13.9K citations

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A powerful and efficient algorithm for numerical function optimization: artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm

Derviş Karaboğa · Journal of Global Optimization · 2007 · 7.5K citations

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A practical tutorial on the use of nonparametric statistical tests as a methodology for comparing evolutionary and swarm intelligence algorithms

Joaquín Derrac, Salvador García, Daniel Molina et al. · Swarm and Evolutionary Computation · 2011 · 5.4K citations

Computing, Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence +14