Revealing the influence of the solvent in combination with temperature, concentration and pH on the modification of TiO2 with 3PA

Abstract

Functionalization of titanium dioxide with propylphosphonic acid (3PA). Solvent, temperature and amount 3PA together affects degree and type of functionalization. Ordered layers are formed already at low concentration of 3PA in toluene. Titanium propylphosphonates (TiPP) and surface grafting can both be formed in water. Formation of TiPP rises with temperature and concentration in water.