Simple and Accurate Determination of Reactivity Ratios Using a Nonterminal Model of Chain Copolymerization

Abstract

We propose a new method for the determination of reactivity ratios based on a nonterminal model of copolymerization kinetics. Within the context of this model, we derive simple, reactivity-ratio-dependent expressions whose solution relies solely on monomer consumption information spanning the full range of conversion. Utilizing this method, reactivity ratios are obtained for the aluminum chelate-catalyzed copolymerization of phenyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (rPGE = 1.56 ± 0.01 and rAGE = 0.66 ± 0.03) with monomer consumption monitored by in situ 1H NMR spectroscopy. Additionally, this approach is applied to experimental data extracted from the literature for other copolymerization systems encompassing a range of monomer types (styrenics, isoprene, lactones, lactide, and other cyclic ethers) and polymerization type (anionic, coordination, and zwitterionic) to obtain reactivity ratios under the mechanistic assumption of nonterminal model copolymerization kinetics. We present the nonterminal model of copolymerization as the first method that should be utilized before more complex frameworks (e.g., terminal or penultimate model of chain copolymerization) are used to understand copolymerization kinetics.