Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer

Abstract

Prostate cancer is a common condition worldwide. Different geographical regions have varying incidence and mortality.Globally,prostate cancer is the sixth most common cancer,and the third most common cancer in men in developed countries.The risk of prostate cancer is increased by African-American ethnicity,increasing age,positive family history,and other factors such as diet.Nonetheless,the causes of prostate cancer are not well understood compared with other common cancers like lung and breast cancer.The introduction of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening made an enormous impact on the incidence of prostate cancer, which increased in the early 1990s and is currently down to pre-PSA screening levels.Screening has caused a change in pattern of disease to an earlier stage but not lower grade.Death rates due to prostate cancer diminished in the 1990s due to a decrease in advanced cases with distant metastasis.