Characteristic parameter estimations of EMP energy spectrum

Abstract

The electromagnetic pulse, such as high-altitude electromagnetic pulse and lighting electromagnetic pulse is described extensively by the double exponential function with characteristic parameters k,EP, α and β. For the conductive protection design of long lines, the highest and lowest frequencies of EMP energy spectrum, F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">h</sub> and F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</sub> , are critical parameters. Unfortunately, they cannot be obtained directly from the pulse physical or mathematical parameters, since the pulse spectrum is continuous. This paper presents the estimation formulation of the frequency parameters along with the approximation error analysis.