Preoperative systemic levels of VEGFA, IL‐7, IL‐17A, and TNF‐β delineate two distinct groups of children with brain tumors

Abstract

We identify common features and individual differences in the systemic immune profiles of children with brain tumors. Overall, patients with MB displayed a uniform cytokine profile, whereas other tumor diagnoses did not predict systemic immunological status in single patients. Future characterization and monitoring of systemic immune responses in children with brain tumors will have important implications for the development and implementation of immunotherapy.