Physiological significance of endothelin : its role in congestive heart failure

Abstract

Endothelin (ET) is a endothelium-derived peptide with potent vasoconstrictor and growth-promoting actions. Although its physiological role remains unclear, recent studies report increased ET in various pathophysiological states, including congestive heart failure (CHF). The mechanisms contributing to increased ET in CHF probahly include hemodynamic factors like increased atrial and venous pressures and reduced perfusion pressure and shear stress. Recent investigations also suggest that the kidney, lung, heart, and peripheral vasculature are sites of ET messenger RNA expression that may contribute to the elevation of ET in pathophysiological states