Multiple input multiple output measurements and modeling in Manhattan

TLDR

The study presents a spatial channel model that enables simulation of H matrices for arbitrary antenna configurations and supports testing of receiver algorithms in system performance studies. The authors performed narrowband MIMO measurements with 16 × 16 antennas at 2.11 GHz in Manhattan, derived correlation parameters, and developed a compact four‑parameter model to generate H matrices for arbitrary antenna configurations. Measured capacities were within 80 % of the fully scattering limit, and the derived correlation matrices predict spatial MIMO capacity with only a 3 % median error, enabling accurate H‑matrix generation and informing antenna array design, including the finding that base transmitter antennas remain largely uncorrelated even at two‑wavelength spacing.

Abstract

Narrowband MIMO measurements using 16 transmitters and 16 receivers at 2.11 GHz were carried out in Manhattan (see Ling, J. et al., IEE Electronics Letters, vol.37, no.16, p.1041-2, 2001). High capacities were found for full as well as smaller array configurations, all within 80% of the fully scattering channel capacity. Correlation model parameters are derived from the data. Spatial MIMO channel capacity statistics are found to be well represented by the separate transmitter and receiver correlation matrices, with a median relative error in capacity of 3%, in contrast with the 18% median relative error observed by assuming uncorrelated antennas. A reduced parameter model (4 parameters) has been developed to represent the channel correlation matrices statistically. These correlation matrices are used to generate H matrices with capacities that are consistent within a few percent of those measured in New York. Our spatial channel model allows simulations of H matrices for arbitrary antenna configurations. These channel matrices may be used to test receiver algorithms in system performance studies. These results may also be used for antenna array design, as the decay of mobile antenna correlation with antenna separation is reported. An important finding for the base transmitter array was that the antennas were largely uncorrelated even at antenna separations as small as two wavelengths.