Laser‐activated transforming growth factor‐β1 induces human β‐defensin 2: implications for laser therapies for periodontitis and peri‐implantitis

Abstract

Laser-activated TGF-β1 signaling and induced expression of HBD-2, both of which are individually capable of promoting healing in tissues adjacent to high-power surgical laser applications. Moreover, the use of low-dose laser therapy itself can provide additional therapeutic benefits for effective clinical management of periodontal or peri-implant disease.