International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics · 2016 · 19 citations · 14 references
Natural SciencesEarth SciencesPhysicsAtmospheric ElectricityCloud PhysicsElectromagnetismCloud-to-ground LightningLightning CurrentLightning PhysicsLightning PropagationThunderstorm ElectricityThunderstorm ElectrificationCloud-to-ground Lightning PropagationFirst Stroke CharacteristicsLightning Pulse AnalysisLightning Stroke StatisticsMultiple Return StrokesNegative Cloud-to-ground Lightning InitiationNegative Lightning CurrentNegative Lightning Flashes
The characteristics of multiple stroke negative cloud to ground (CG) lightning flashes in Padang, Indonesia based on electric field recording were investigated. 100 negative CG lightning flashes containing 623 strokes, recorded from August to October 2014, were examined. It was observed that all first return strokes (RS) negative CG lightning flashes were preceded by preliminary breakdown pulses (PBPs). However, only 40% of the detecable PBP trains could be analyzed statistically on PBP train duration, PBP-RS separation, and PBP/RS ratio, while the detectable leader pulses was 69%. In addition, it was also found that the arithmetic mean (AM) and maximum number of strokes were 5.2 and 18, respectively. The AM and geometric mean (GM) interstroke interval were 55.34 and 34.71 ms, respectively. Furthermore, 2% of the subsequent return stroke (SRS) peak electric fields were larger than those of the first return stroke (RS). The AM and GM ratios of SRS/RS were 0.36 and 0.3, respectively.
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Michael A. Haddad, Vladimir A. Rakov, Steven A. Cummer · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · 2012 · 93 citations · Full text