Renal Vascular Complications Associated With the Percutaneous Removal of Renal Calculi

Abstract

Significant immediate and delayed vascular complications occurred in 4 of 140 patients (3 per cent) undergoing percutaneous removal of renal and ureteral calculi. An understanding of renovascular anatomy, use of a safety guide wire and intraoperative availability of an angiographic balloon catheter may help to prevent and to treat bleeding problems.