The emptiness of the black box.

The Causes of Cancer: Quantitative Estimates of Avoidable Risks of Cancer in the United States Today

Richard Peto · 1983 · 3.5K citations

Medicine, Oncology, Preventive Medicine +16

CAFFEINE AND THE RISK OF HIP FRACTURE: THE FRAMINGHAM STUDY

Douglas P. Kiel, David T. Felson, Marian T. Hannan et al. · American Journal of Epidemiology · 1990 · 216 citations

Medicine, Preventive Medicine, Bioavailability +7

Coffee, Tobacco and Alcohol as Risk Factors for Cancer and Adenoma of the Large Intestine

Jørn Olsen, O Kronbörg · International Journal of Epidemiology · 1993 · 104 citations

Medicine, Oncology, Cancer Epidemiology +16

In defense of black box epidemiology.

David A. Savitz · PubMed · 1994 · 82 citations

Public Health, Health Sciences, Causal Inference +14

Bladder cancer and coffee drinking: a summary of case-control research

Catherine M. Viscoli, Mark S. Lachs, Ralph I. Horwitz · The Lancet · 1993 · 54 citations · Full text

Medicine, Oncology, Urology +12