Impairment of citrate metabolism in acute hepatic failure.

Abstract

Citrate metabolism is severely impaired and the plasmatic calcium stores are reduced in acute hepatic failure and, thus, the risk of adverse effects is high. Therapeutic infusions of citrate should be restricted in patients with acute hepatic failure and, if necessary, therapy should be closely monitored by repeated measurements of ionized calcium to avoid the development of potentially hazardous hypocalcemia.