Einthoven's Triangle Transparency: A Practical Method to Explain Limb Lead Configuration Following Single Lead Misplacements

Abstract

Limb lead switches remain a significant source of electrocardiographic error that may lead to faulty diagnosis and improper clinical action. Methods to identify such errors have been the subject of many prior publications. A brief review of the mathematical derivation of the limb lead system is presented here, together with an additional method to help understand limb lead reversals using a transparency of the Einthoven's triangle.