Sex disparities in use of chemotherapy and survival in patients with advanced bladder cancer

Abstract

Women are less likely than men to receive systemic chemotherapy for advanced bladder cancer and this difference may partially account for the poorer OS observed in women. However, OS remains lower in women independent of chemotherapy use, and may be related to unmeasured comorbidities, functional status, or tumor biology. Cancer 2016;122:2012-20. © 2016 American Cancer Society.