Reduced glutathione in hepatitis E infection and pregnancy outcome

Abstract

AIM: To study reduced glutathione (GSH) as a marker of oxidative stress in hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection during pregnancy, and to clarify its association with pregnancy outcome. METHODS: A total of 30 pregnant and 30 non-pregnant women with HEV infection were enrolled in the present study, along with 30 age- and gestation-matched healthy pregnant controls. Serum GSH was measured using commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassay kit. RESULTS: Significantly lower GSH was observed in HEV-infected pregnant women than in healthy pregnant controls (10.44 ng/mL vs 19.77 ng/mL; P < 0.01). No significant association was observed between GSH and pregnant women and non-pregnant women with HEV infection (P = 0.54). Serum GSH ≤10.88 ng/mL was more likely to be associated with HEV infection during pregnancy, with sensitivity and specificity of 73.3%. Lower GSH was observed in pregnant women with HEV infection having preterm delivery and low birthweight newborns compared with healthy pregnant women (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Serum GSH was lower in pregnant women with HEV infection who had stillbirth compared with those having live births (7.21 ng/mL vs 6.12 ng/mL, P = 0.60). CONCLUSION: Oxidative stress is present in HEV infection during pregnancy, as shown by low GSH, and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Serum GSH ≤10.88 ng/mL during pregnancy can be used for risk stratification for HEV infection.