Resources Conservation and Recycling · 2016 · 298 citations · 52 references
Natural SciencesEnvironmental EngineeringEnvironmental SciencesClimate Change MitigationEnvironmental EconomicsEnvironmental ModelingCarbon Emissions AccountingCarbon Emissions ManagementCarbon Mitigation PlanningCarbon SequestrationClimate ChangeGreenhouse Gas AccountingEconomy-wide Emissions ModelingEmission Scenario ModelingEmission Scenario ProjectionsEmissions ProjectionsEmissions Scenario ModelingEnergy Use SimulationGreenhouse Gas Scenario AnalysisModel Simulation
This paper presents a global simulation-model for the steel and cement industries. The model covers the full modelling chain from economic activity, to materials consumption, trade, technology choice, production capacity, energy use and CO2emissions. Without climate policy, the future projections based on the SSP2 scenario show a rapid increase in the consumption of steel and cement over the next few decades, after which demand levels are projected to stabilize. This implies that over the scenario period, CO2emissions are projected to peak in the next decades followed by a decrease below 2010 levels in 2050. There is considerable scope to mitigate CO2emissions from steel and cement industries, leading to resp. 80-90% and 40-80% reduction below 2010 in 2050 for a high carbon tax of 100 $/tCO2+ 4%pa depending on the availability of Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS).
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