RT-Fall: A Real-Time and Contactless Fall Detection System with Commodity WiFi Devices

TLDR

The paper introduces RT‑Fall, a real‑time, contactless, low‑cost indoor fall detection system. It achieves this by leveraging commodity WiFi devices to analyze fine‑grained CSI phase and amplitude signals. RT‑Fall outperforms WiFall, achieving 14 % higher sensitivity and 10 % higher specificity across four indoor scenarios, thanks to using CSI phase difference and a sharp power‑profile decline feature.

Abstract

This paper presents the design and implementation of RT-Fall, a real-time, contactless, low-cost yet accurate indoor fall detection system using the commodity WiFi devices. RT-Fall exploits the phase and amplitude of the fine-grained Channel State Information (CSI) accessible in commodity WiFi devices, and for the first time fulfills the goal of segmenting and detecting the falls automatically in real-time, which allows users to perform daily activities naturally and continuously without wearing any devices on the body. This work makes two key technical contributions. First, we find that the CSI phase difference over two antennas is a more sensitive base signal than amplitude for activity recognition, which can enable very reliable segmentation of fall and fall-like activities. Second, we discover the sharp power profile decline pattern of the fall in the time-frequency domain and further exploit the insight for new feature extraction and accurate fall segmentation/detection. Experimental results in four indoor scenarios demonstrate that RT-fall consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art approach WiFall with 14 percent higher sensitivity and 10 percent higher specificity on average.