Digit-Sparing Mohs Surgery for Melanoma

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Digital melanoma is commonly treated with amputation or wide local excision. Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) may offer an alternative treatment modality. OBJECTIVE: To describe outcomes of digital melanomas treated with MMS over a 35-year period. METHODS: A retrospective series of digital melanomas treated with MMS was studied. Tumor and treatment characteristics were described and follow-up was assessed. RESULTS: Sixty-two digital (1.2%) tumors were identified from 4995 melanomas, of which 57 (91.9%) were primary and 5 (8.1%) were recurrent on enrollment. Melanocytic antigen recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes from melanoma patients (MART)-1 and HMB-45 immunostains were used in 34 (54.8%) and 14 (22.6%) cases, respectively. Five (8.2%) tumors recurred locally during the course of the study, none of which occurred with MART-1 use. Three (60.0%) local recurrences were salvaged with additional MMS. Local recurrence-free survival rates for primary melanomas at 5 and 10 years were 91.8% and 82.6%, respectively. Overall, 55 (96.5%) patients with primary digital melanomas avoided amputation. Five and 10-year melanoma-specific survival rates for all patients were 95.0% and 81.2%, respectively. LIMITATIONS: A formal comparison group was not studied. CONCLUSION: In the management of digital melanoma, MMS conserves function by avoiding amputation and offers a low local recurrence rate. Outcomes are improved with the use of MART-1.