Carrier Type Control of WSe₂ Field‐Effect Transistors by Thickness Modulation and MoO₃ Layer Doping

Abstract

Control of the carrier type in 2D materials is critical for realizing complementary logic computation. Carrier type control in WSe 2 field‐effect transistors (FETs) is presented via thickness engineering and solid‐state oxide doping, which are compatible with state‐of‐the‐art integrated circuit (IC) processing. It is found that the carrier type of WSe 2 FETs evolves with its thickness, namely, p‐type (<4 nm), ambipolar (≈6 nm), and n‐type (>15 nm). This layer‐dependent carrier type can be understood as a result of drastic change of the band edge of WSe 2 as a function of the thickness and their band offsets to the metal contacts. The strong carrier type tuning by solid‐state oxide doping is also demonstrated, in which ambipolar characteristics of WSe 2 FETs are converted into pure p‐type, and the field‐effect hole mobility is enhanced by two orders of magnitude. The studies not only provide IC‐compatible processing method to control the carrier type in 2D semiconductor, but also enable to build functional devices, such as, a tunable diode formed with an asymmetrical‐thick WSe 2 flake for fast photodetectors.