Understanding Karst Leakage at the Kowsar Dam, Iran, by Hydrogeological Analysis

Abstract

Research Article| November 01, 2015 Understanding Karst Leakage at the Kowsar Dam, Iran, by Hydrogeological Analysis MORTEZA MOZAFARI; MORTEZA MOZAFARI 1 Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran 1Email address: mmozafari@shirazu.ac.ir. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar EZZATOLLAH RAEISI EZZATOLLAH RAEISI 2 Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran 2Corresponding author email: e_raeisi@yahoo.com. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information MORTEZA MOZAFARI 1 Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran EZZATOLLAH RAEISI 2 Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran 1Email address: mmozafari@shirazu.ac.ir. 2Corresponding author email: e_raeisi@yahoo.com. Publisher: Association of Environmental & Engineering Geologists First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Online Issn: 1558-9161 Print Issn: 1078-7275 © 2015 Association of Environmental & Engineering Geologists Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (2015) 21 (4): 325–339. https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.21.4.325 Article history First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation MORTEZA MOZAFARI, EZZATOLLAH RAEISI; Understanding Karst Leakage at the Kowsar Dam, Iran, by Hydrogeological Analysis. Environmental & Engineering Geoscience 2015;; 21 (4): 325–339. doi: https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.21.4.325 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyEnvironmental & Engineering Geoscience Search Advanced Search Abstract The Kowsar Dam is constructed on the Kheyrabad River at the northern limb of the Duck Anticline, close to its NW plunge, SW Iran. The dam is built on the karstic Asmari Formation, and the reservoir is in direct contact with this formation from the dam body to the upstream impermeable Gachsaran Formation. After reservoir impounding, several new springs emerged from the Asmari Formation, adjacent to the old small springs at the southern limb of the Duck Anticline. The discharge of these downstream springs was not reduced despite grout curtain treatment works. The main water leakage route is not below or through the grout curtain, as shown by considering rock permeability in pilot and check holes, cement consumption in grouting boreholes, borehole water levels, spring locations, and discharge of the dam galleries. The Duck Anticline is hydrogeologically connected to the adjacent Dill and Pahn Anticlines, comprising the Asmari Karst Aquifer, which is divided into three karst sub-aquifers. The general flow direction of karst water in each sub-aquifer was determined using hydrogeological analysis and water balance calculations. Two alternative models are proposed for water flow at the northern limb of the Duck Anticline. The main leakage route toward the downstream springs is most probably through a relict karst conduit system, developed along bedding planes of the Asmari Formation at the NW plunge of the anticline, according to the first proposed model. In this case, the water leakage can be significantly reduced by extension of the grout curtain further into the upstream impermeable Gachsaran Formation. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.