A Note on the Use of the Titles 'Optio' and 'Magister' below the Centurionate during the Principate

Abstract

The recent discovery at the legionary lime-kilns at Iversheim in Lower Germany of an inscription recording a magister calc(ariorum) in legion XXX Ulpia Victrix, a post hitherto unattested in the Roman army, raises the question of the use of the title magister in the lower ranks of the army.