Management of high-risk performers in clinical practice

Abstract

Recent literature related to diagnosis and treatment of performers working in vocally high risk environments is reviewed. Specific contributions in the diagnostic areas of interview, videostroboscopic, acoustic, and other tests as well as medical, direct, and indirect therapy areas are covered. Physiologic, anatomic, and chemical implications for vocal folds and vocal abuse are discussed. Suggestions for further research in the area of vocally high-risk performers are presented.